Vapor-burner



(No Model.)

J. STUBBERS.

- VAPOR BURNER.

4 No. 425,639. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

In 7 511. [ur

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH STUBBERS, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

VAPOR-BURN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,639, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed March 23, 1889. Serial No. 304,539. (No model.)

a resident of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

The several features of my invention and the advantages arising from their use, conjointly or otherwise, will be apparent from the following description and claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part'of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a vapor-burner embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is an elevation of a portion of the device shown in Fig. 1, the lower part of the distributing-chamber being shown in vertical transverse section, the section being taken in the vertical plane parallel to or one with the central longitudinal plane passing through the axis of the mixingtube. Fig. 3 shows a top view of the ring or frame which supports the lower portion or bowl of the mixing and distributing chamber, and also shows a projection or portion of the socket for receiving the vertical pipe wherein the vapor is generated and a portion of the pipe which conducts the vapor so generated into the needle-valve, said socket and a portion of this pipe for conveying the vapor being shown in the drawings and preferably cast with the said rim. Fig. 4: is a top View of the bowl or lower portion of the distributing and mixing chamber, and also a top view of the tube or pipe fastened thereto which receives the vapor from the needle-valve and conveys it to the mixing and distributing chamber. Fig. 5 is a horizontal transverse section of the vertical stand-pipe anywhere between the points 00 and y of Fig. 1. Fig.

6 is a similar section showing a modification of the arrangement and construction shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a vertical central section of the vapor mixing and distributing chamber, showing the preferred construction of the portion thereof for receiving and holding in place the burner-cap when the supportingrim for this chamber is omitted and the chamber supported in another way. Fig. 8 represents a vertical horizontal section taken through the mixing and distributing pipe H and the mixing and delivery chamber 0, the latter showing the preferred form of constructing said chamber when it is to be supported by means other than the rim B, and' also showing the construction of the chamber whereby it is enabled to receive and support the superincumbent burner-cap.

The burner-cap A may be of any desired construction. One form of construction (for which I have already asked Letters Patent, the application for which Letters Patent was filed November 4,1887, and bears the Serial No. 254,273) is shown in the drawings, and consists, in general, of the frame at, having arch a a, surmounted by cap Between the annular frame a and the cap (6 a number of flat ring-plates and a number of corrugated ring-plates are placed, the corrugated ringplates alternating between the flat plates, the cap a being secured to the frame a. The burner A rests upon and is supported by the distributing and mixing chamber, the construction of which forms one of the features of my invention and which I will now proceed to describe. The mixing and distributing chamber consists, in general, of the rim or ring 13 and the bowl or chamber O. Heretofore this rim B and bowl 0, socket D, and

pipe E were cast in one solid piece.

When the vapor-burner is first put into operation and vapor generated, that portion of the pipe which conveys the vapor generated in the vertical stand-pipe to the needle-valve must first be heated and raised to a certain temperature, in order to prevent condensation of the vapor in its passage from the pipe E to the needle-valve F. When the rim B and the chamber 0 were cast together in one piece, there was present a great amount of metal, and all this required to be heated before the temperature of pipe E could be raised sufficiently to properly convey the vapor without condensation from the vertical stand-pipe G through pipe E to the needle-valve F.

One great object of my improvement is to so reduce the amount of heat-receiving material connected with pipe E and socket D that it will require very little heat to heat the pipe E. Another object is to enable the chamber 0 to be very cheaply, easily, and accurately constructed. I accomplish this object by the following construction: In the first place I form the chamber 0 of thin metal and separate from pipe E and socket D. The chamber C is preferably made of sheet metal and stamped out and into shape. This chamber is formed with the flange C, which extends outwardly from the upper edge of chamber 0 and surrounds the same. This chamber may be upheld in various ways, as by a bottomor side attachment or support. In the event of its being upheld by means other than therim B, hereinafter described, a vertical flange C located at the outer edge of flange C, will be present, and the cap of the burner will in such event rest uponthe horizontal flange O and be prevented from lateral displacement by the flange C or equivalent projection. In the event of a rim, as B,'beingemployed for upholding the chamber; 'O the flange C may be omitted from the chamber and form a part of the rim B. The rim B, may be cast to the pipe E and the socket D, or may be made separate therefrom. In the present instance it-is shown as cast integral withthe, pipe E and the socket D. The rim Bis providedwith a lower flange B, which extends inwardly and forms an annular rim. Upon thisrimrests the flange O of the chamber 0, and it is in this way that chamber 0 is supported. 1

In the side of the chamber Cwhich is next toward the needle-valve is formed ahole or opening O for the reception of the mixing pipe or tube H, which receives the vapor from the needle-valve and air from the atmosphere,- and, mingling vapor and air, conveys them rapidly into the mixing-chamber O.

The preferred mode of fastening the H to the chamber 0 is by means of the flange H, extending from the lower portion offlpip'e H and resting against the bowl of chamber 0, and preferably secured thereto by a bolt or rivet H To prevent the bowl-C from be; ing accidentally raised up out of place over the point where the tube H is connected to said bowl, the tube 11 is .iIlSGItGCl iLIfO'iQhG bowl so that the upper surface of said tube comes close under and preferably in actual contact with the under side of flange B,

For the purpose of supporting'pipe H in its position in the chamber 0 the-edge or orifice O of the chamber 0 is providedwit-h the flange G which rests against the bowl and supports the pipe or tube H from downward and lateral deflection.

Various means may be employed to prevent the chamber 0 from rotating within the rim B while resting on the flange B. This rotation should be prevented, as otherwise the tube H would be thrown out of its proper position in relation to thejne'edle-valve, and in this way the functions be neutralized. I have devised a convenient and simple means of preventing this rotation, which are as follows: In the rim B is formed a recess or depression B Upon the edge of the flange C gasoline will descend in the tube.

of the chamber 0 is stamped or otherwise formed a tongue 0 This tongue fits into the depression B and, being made of malleable sheet metal, is, after the chamber 0 is in position, bent down around the edge of flange B. In this way the chamber 0 is prevented from rotating within the rim B and keeps the chamber from falling out of the rim when the burners are shipped or not in use, and thus 'anyten'dency which the weight of the exterior end which the mixing-tube might have to put the chamber out of position is counteract-ed. This is one of the main features of my device, and consists in the fact that not only ,may I by means of chamber 0 be enabled to require less heat than a thick chamber would, but the loose communication between the chambers O and the rim B further consists'in diminishing the amount of heat required to heat pipe E. Inasmuch as the temperature of the chamber 0 may be much lessthan that of the rim B, pipe E should be raised to a proper degree of temperature. The flange B is preferably arranged so far below the top of rim B that when the rim 0 of the chamber 0 is in position upon the flange B ;the top of the flange G will be'some little distance below the top of rim B. In this way i the supporting-flange C will form a support not only for the chamber O below, but also for the superincumbent burner-cap, and the latter will rest upon the top of flange C and 5 be prevented from being laterally displaced by the inner wall of rim B, which surrounds the lower port-ion I of the burner-cap or its frame. tion of the burner-cap in relation to rim B is that the flame from the cap playing out horif zontally from the cap shall impinge against ;'the socket D, and thereby heat the surface.

; 1 Another feature of my invention is as follows: The heat from the burner communi- 1 cated to the vertical vapor-generating tube G 5 through the intermediate agency of the socket renders the upper portion of the vaporgenerating tube G quite hot. lected that the vapor-generating tube G con- 1 tains gasoline, and before the burner is lighted the gasoline easily fills the entire tube, and

Another advantage of such a posi- It will be recolas soon as pipe G is heated there will be vapor generated from the gasoline in the upper end of the tube and the upper surface of the After the vapor has thus been generated and the gasoline has descended into tube G the burner is lighted, and the flame of the burner communicates heat, as aforesaid, to the upper end of pipe G.

It is wellknown that the gasoline in pipe G will suddenly rise and fall to some extent. The upper portion of the pipe G, where vapor is generated, is much hotter than the portion where the gasoline is. As the gasoline rises and comes in contact with the hotter portion of the pipe G more vapor is suddenly generated, and this sudden generation of vapor causes an increase'of pressure and forces the vapor out of theburner at an abnormally rapid rate and causes what is known as a puff which is very disagreeable, and in many instances extinguishes the light of the burner. On the other hand, this sudden generation of vapor forces down theg'asolinein tube G, and when this sudden generation of vapor ceases the gasoline cannot generate gas enough to keep up the pressure, and consequently in many cases the flame of. the burner becomes so small that it goes out, and the upper part of tube Gis momentarily left with too little vapor in it for the purposes of proper combustion.

The object of my improvement is to provide cheap, suitable, and efiicient means for preventing this undue and irregular generation of vapor, and thereby avoid the pernicious effects resulting therefrom.

I-Ieretofore various experiments and eiforts have been made to stop this pulsation of vapor. One mode of attempting it was to fill up the pipe with cotton or lamp-wicking. Another mode was to fill up the tube with fine wire or gauze, and others filled the tube with gravel. All of these means were in part successful in stopping the pulsations, but were objectionable for the reason that the charred wicking would pass up into the tube E and clog it and burn the wicking and clog the needle-valve, so that the operations of the device would be stopped and the burner put out; also, in the matter of the wicking and in the matter of the gravel and wire-gauze the gasoline, which is more or less impure, would clog the wicking or gravel or wire, and in this way interfere with the operation of the burner. My improvement does not aim to retard the movement of the gasoline by capillary attraction or by any obstruction placed in the tube to prevent the rising and falling of the gasoline.

My improvement controls the gasoline by placing a non-conducting substance between the gasoline and that portion of the tube through and along which the gasoline moves in its rise and fall.

Various non-conducting materials may be used; but the one which I prefer on account of its durability and general effioiency and also on account of its being a fireproof substance is asbestus. I take a thin sheet of this asbestus and apply it to the tube G along that portion where the gasoline rises and falls. This application is made to the tube in such a manner that the asbestus forms an inner lining to the tube at the said portion thereof. This lining may extend part way or all the way around the tube, as desired, but prefera bly a little more than half-way.

In Fig. 5 the lining K is shown applied to the interior of the tube G and extending a little more than half-way round, and in Fig. 6 the lining is shown as extending all the way around the interior of the tube. The arrangement of the lining K to extend part way round the tube will be sufficient for all practical purposes.

Another advantage that the lining has in extending only part Way around, as shown in Fig. 5, is that the pipe G, when the burner is first set in operation, can be easily and rapidly heated in the neighborhood of the gasoline by the application of external heat to the tube G, for the reason that the external heat is directly communicated to the tube G at the point where the lining is fastened, and thus vapor is duly generated in sufficient quantities to start the burner. My preferred means for keeping this lining in position is a sheet of tin or brass or other suitable material K, placed inside of the tube and against the inner surface of the non-conducting material.

A further advantage to be derived from. the sheet metal K is that where the float is to be employed within the tube G for the automatic regulation of the supply of gasoline in this tube G the metal K will present a smooth surface, and in this way the float will be able to rise and fall with less friction than if brought into immediate connection all rough on its surface. The presence of this non-conducting lining prevents an undue and extraordinary amount of heat from being communicated to the gasoline through pipe Gr, and in this way all the undue gen eration" of vapor from the gasoline and the consequent puffing of the burner is prevented.

While the various features of my invention are preferably employed together, one or more of said features may be used without the re mainder, and in so far as applicable one or more of said features may be used in connection with vaporburners other than the one herein specifically specified.

WVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the rim B, provided with flange B, chamber 0, provided with flange 0', and the tube H, inserted therein, the bowl 0 being made of thin sheet metal, substantially' as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination of rim B, having recessB and the separable thin metal chamber 0, provided with tongue 0 substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination of athin movable metal chamber C, provided with its flange for connecting it to the rim B and provided with the tongue C, the rim B being provided with a vertical recess to allow the tongue C to lie in said recess flush with the top of the rim, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

l. The combination of the'movable bowl 0, flange 0, provided with tongue 0*, and the rim B, provided with the recess B extending down through the entire depth of the rim, and tongue C being bent down and around.

, with the non-conducting substance that is at the flange 13 of the rim, substantially as and for the purposes specified. 5. The combination of rim B and the separable bowl 0, and the tube H, inserted in the side of said bowl and fixed thereto, the upper surface of the tube H being close under fiange B and the bowl having flange O passing beneath the tube H, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. The combination of the chamber 0 and the separable tube H, socket D, and pipe E, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. In a vapor burner, the combinationof the vertical Vapor generat'ing tube G, provided witha non-conducting lining K, interposed between the gasoline and the interior surface of the tube, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

8. In a-Vapor-burn'er, the combinationof the-Vapor-generating tube G and an interior non-conducting lining K and its interiormetallic facing K ,the facing and the non'-conducting lining being interposed between the gitube G and the gasoline, substantially as and ifor the purposes specified.

9. In a vapor-burner, the combination of lithe vapor-generating tube G and non-coniducting lining K, extending partway around gthe tube, substantially as and for the purgposes specified.

10. In a vapor-burner, the combination of @the gas-generating tube G, interior non-conjducting lining- K, and facing extending part Way around the tube G, the facing K, lying vbetween the gasoline and the non-conducting lining, and the non-conducting lining being located between the facing and the tube G, the lining and its facing leaving the center of the tube unobstructed, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

JOSEPH STUBBERS.

Attest:

A. L. I'IERRLINGER, J. B. MARTIN. 

